Abstract

INTRODUCTION

In the era of new agents, overall survival (OS) of multiple myeloma (MM) patients have improved compared to patients who had never received these agents. However, some patients develop resistance to new agents and relapse over time. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is a potential curative option for fit patients with high-risk cytogenetic features and in patients who relapse early after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT).

METHODS

The data of 9 MM patients who received at least one novel agent during induction treatment and underwent allo-SCT after relapse following ASCT between December 2009 and December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS

The median age at the time of allo-SCT was 42 years (range 25-56 years) in all patients, and the median follow-up period was 31.5 months. Median OS after allo-SCT was 27 months and median progression free survival (PFS) was 15 months in all patients. Median PFS was 18 months and OS was 69 months in patients who received fludarabine-busulfan and median PFS was 4 months, OS was 6 months in patients who received cyclophosphamide-total body irradiation (TBI). Transplant-related mortality (TRM) was 11%.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

Allo-SCT may be considered as a treatment option after relapse following ASCT in MM patients with high risk characteristics. Allo-SCT should not be considered in initial treatment or in relapse refractory MM patients with standard risk.