Retrospective Analysis of Demographic and Laboratory Data of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Single Center Experience

INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive tumor that frequently occurs in the setting of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. In this study, we aim to evaluate the etiologic factors associated with Hepatocellular carcinoma and their role on the clinical outcome and prognosis of the disease.
METHODS: A total of 377 patients were included in the study. Patient files were retrospectively analyzed. HCC was diagnosed based on radiologic, histologic, clinical and laboratory findings. Patients were grouped according to etiology.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 58.70±2.50 years and 82.2% of them were male. The vast majority of the patients were living in the city center, and 67.6% of them had primary education or lower education level. It was seen that HCC developed in cirrhosis base in 87% of the patients. When we looked at the etiologic factors, 57.8% of the patients were found to develop due to HBV, 15.6% to HDV, 8.2% to HCV and 18.3% to non-viral causes. The mean duration of infection was 9.38±9.08 years and 23.6% were taking antiviral treatment in patients with HSC due to viral etiology.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Viral hepatitis is the most important risk factor for the development of HCC, and HCC often develops on the basis of cirrhosis. Therefore, the follow up and treatment of patients with chronic viral hepatitis and cirrhosis is of great importance. Patients with HCC in our region with low rates of anti-viral treatment and high Child-Pugh score suggest that this is still a serious health problem that is still important. Increased awareness of viral hepatitis is evident when the incidence of HCC is reduced by vaccination programs, and patients with cirrhosis will be diagnosed with HCC at an earlier stage with regular follow-up programs and will have a long-term survival benefit with more effective treatment options.

Hepatosellüler Kanserli Hastalarýn Demografik ve Laboratuar Verilerinin Retrospektiz Analizi: Tek Merkez Deneyimi

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Hepatosellüler kanser (HSK) sýklýkla kronik karaciðer hastalýðý ve siroz zemininde geliþen agresif bir tümördür. Bölgemizde farklý etyolojilere baðlý olarak geliþen hepatosellüler kanserin epidemiyolojik, klinik ve tümör özelliklerinin karþýlaþtýrmalý olarak incelenmesi amaçlandý.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: 2000-2015 yýllarý arasýnda hastanemiz gastroenteroloji bölümüne baþvuran 18 yaþ ve üstü, uluslararasý kabul görmüþ histolojik veya non-invazif kriterlere göre (EASL, AASLD) HSK tanýsý olan hastalar çalýþmaya dahil edildi. Çalýþmaya 377 hasta alýnmýþ olup demografik, klinik ve laboratuar verileri retrospektif analiz edildi. Hastalar etyolojik nedenlerine göre gruplandýrýldý.
BULGULAR: Hastalarýn yaþ ortalamasý 58.70±12.50 yýl olup, %82.2'si erkekti. Hastalarýn büyük çoðunluðu þehir merkezinde yaþamakta olup, %67.6'sýnýn eðitim seviyesi ilkokul veya daha düþük seviyedeydi. Hastalarýn %87'sinde HSK’nýn siroz zemininde geliþtiði görüldü. Etiyolojik nedenlere baktýðýmýzda ise hastalarýn %57.8’i HBV’ye, % 15.6’sý HDV’ye, % 8.2’si HCV’ye, % 18.3’ü non-viral nedenlere baðlý geliþtiði görüldü. Viral etiyolojilere baðlý HSK geliþen hastalarda ortalama enfeksiyon süresi 9.38±9.08 yýl olup, % 23.6’sý antiviral tedavi almaktaydý. Hastalarýn %72'sinin Child-Pugh skoru B ve C olarak deðerlendirildi.
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Viral hepatitler, HSK geliþiminde en önemli risk faktörü olup, HSK sýklýkla siroz zemininde geliþmektedir. Bu nedenle kronik viral hepatitli ve siroz hastalarýnýn takip ve taramasý büyük önem taþýmaktadýr. Bölgemizde HSK’lý hastalarýn anti-viral tedavi kullanma oranlarýnýn düþüklüðü ve yüksek Child-Pugh skoru ile baþvurmalarý bu konunun hala önemini koruyan ciddi bir saðlýk problemi olduðunu göstermektedir. Viral hepatitler ile ilgili farkýndalýðýn arttýrýlmasý, aþý programlarýna hastalarýn teþviki ile HSK prevalansýnýn azaltýlacaðý aþikar olup, siroz geliþen hastalarda da düzenli takip programlarýyla daha erken evrede HSK tanýsý konup daha efektif tedavi seçenekleriyle uzun süreli sað kalým elde edilecektir.