Abstract

Cardiac rhabdomyoma (CRHM) is the most common type of primary cardiac tumors in children. The prognosis is generally favourable and spontaneous regression is almost accepted as natural history for CRHM. This report presents a newborn with large CRHM that was diagnosed prenatally. In the follow up, CRHM was enlarged until birth and spontaneously regressed after birth as expected. At the 7th day, CRHM was enlarged again and formed moderate subaortic stenosis with addition of a new CRHM located on the mitral valve. Surgical intervention was not planned for technical difficulties and everolimus was started. The patient was exitus at the 12th day of his life. In conclusion, until the exact mechanism is not understood, regression must not be accepted as natural history of CRHM and all of the newborns with CRHM including those that spontaneous regression begun must be followed carefully for possible enlargement.